The term used before the language of modern HRM was ___________?

A. Labour relations
B. Personnel management
C. Industrial management
D. All of the above

The meaning of the acronym HRM is ______________?

A. Human relations management
B. Humanistic resource management
C. Human resource management
D. Human resourceful management

Marketers argue for a __________ in which all functions work together to respond to, serve, and satisfy the customer.

A. Cross-functional team orientation
B. Collaboration model
C. Customer orientation
D. Management-driven organization

Companies that practice both a reactive and proactive marketing orientation are implementing a __________ and are likely to be the most successful.

A. Total market orientation
B. External focus
C. Customer focus
D. Competitive, customer focus

In the course of converting to a marketing orientation, a company faces three hurdles _______.

A. Organized resistance, slow learning, and fast forgetting
B. Management, customer reaction, competitive response
C. Decreased profits, increased r&d, additional distribution
D. Forecasted demand, increased sales expense, increased inventory costs

Several scholars have found that companies who embrace the marketing concept achieve superior performance. This was first demonstrated for companies practicing a ___________ understanding and meeting customers’ expressed needs.

A. Reactive market orientation
B. Proactive marketing orientation
C. Total market orientation
D. Impulsive market orientation

The concept holds that consumers and businesses, if left alone, will ordinarily not buy enough of the organization’s products is termed as____________?

A. Production concept
B. Selling concept
C. Marketing concept
D. Buying concept

The ________ concept holds that consumers will favor those products that offer the most quality, performance, or innovative features.

A. Product
B. Marketing
C. Production
D. Selling

Many brick-and-click competitors became stronger contenders in the marketplace than the pure-click firms because they had a larger pool of resources to work with and ________.

A. Better prices
B. Well-established brand names
C. One-on-one communications
D. Direct selling capability

In response to giant retailers and category killers, entrepreneurial retailers are building entertainment into stores with coffee bars, lectures, demonstrations, and performances. They are marketing a(n) ________ rather than a product assortment.

A. Customer value
B. Customer delight
C. Total service solution
D. Intangible benefit(s)