In a beam the local bond stress Sb, is equal to_______________?
A. Shear force/(leaver arm × total perimeter of reinforcement)
B. Total perimeter of reinforcement/(leaver arm × shear force)
C. Leaver arm/(shear force × total perimeter of reinforcement)
D. Leaver arm/(bending moment × total perimeter of reinforcement)
Based on punching shear consideration, the overall depth of a combined footing under a column A, is_______________?
A. (area of the column a × safe punching stress)/load on column a
B. (perimeter of column a × safe punching stress)/(load on column a + upward pressure × area of the column)
C. (perimeter of column a × safe punching stress)/(load on column a × upward pressure × area of the column)
D. None of these