System Administrator 2026 — Test 19

Correct Answer: D. D. Transport layer and network layer
Explanation: Most commercial IDSes generate signatures at the network and transport layers. These signatures are used to ensure that no malicious operation is contained in the traffic. Nemean generates signature at application and session layer.

Correct Answer: B. B. Mechanisms put in place to reenact known methods of attack and record system responses
Explanation: Secondary components of mechanism are set in place to reenact known methods of attack and to record system responses. In passive components, the system I designed just to record the system’s responses in case of an intrusion.

Correct Answer: D. D. Application layer and session layer
Explanation: Nemean automatically generates “semantics-aware” signatures based on traffic at the session and application layers. These signatures are used to ensure that no malicious operation is contained in the traffic.

Correct Answer: A. A. Crossover error rate
Explanation: As the sensitivity of systems may cause the false positive/negative rates to vary, it’s critical to have some common measure that may be applied across the board.

Correct Answer: D. D. They scan network traffic or packets to identify matches with attack-definition files
Explanation: They are constantly updated with attack-definition files (signatures) that describe each type of known malicious activity. They then scan network traffic for packets that match the signatures, and then raise alerts to security administrators.

Correct Answer: A. A. True
Explanation: Both HDLC and PPP both are Data link layer protocol. HDLC stands for High level Data Link Control and PPP stands for Point to Point Protocol.

Correct Answer: C. C. Both lcp and ncp
Explanation: LCP stands for Link Control Protocol and NCP stands for Network Control Protocol. LCP and NCP are the PPP protocols which provide interface for handling the capabilities of the connection/link on the network.

Correct Answer: C. C. Is designed for simple links which transport packets between two peers and making an internet connection over a phone line
Explanation: The PPP protocol is designed for handling simple links which transport packets between two peers. It is a standard protocol that is used to make an Internet connection over phone lines.

Correct Answer: A. A. Link
Explanation: PPP provides function of the link layer in the TCP/IP suite. It focuses on the link between two nodes that is going to be used by the users to communicate. It can use pre-installed phone line for the purpose.

Correct Answer: B. B. Three (encapsulating, a link control protocol, ncp)
Explanation: PPP consists of three components namely Link Control Protocol (LCP), Network Control Protocol (NCP), and Encapsulation. LCP and NCP are the PPP protocols which provide interface for handling the capabilities of the connection/link on the network and encapsulation provides for multiplexing of different network-layer protocols.