Server-Side & Architecture — Test 1

Correct Answer: A. PHP
Explanation: JavaScript can also run on the server through Node.js.

Correct Answer: A. With $; == compares after type juggling, while === also requires the same type
Explanation: For example, "1" == 1 is true, but "1" === 1 is false. ALSO KNOW (related points): • Which of these languages traditionally runs on the server side? → PHP • What is WordPress? → A content management system (CMS) written in PHP, typically using MySQL or MariaDB • How is a space encoded in a URL? → %20 (or + in form-encoded query strings) • What is the main purpose of minifying CSS and JavaScript? → To reduce file size by removing whitespace and comments and shortening names, which speeds up downloads

Correct Answer: D. Apache HTTP Server, Nginx, and Microsoft IIS
Explanation: MySQL, Oracle, and PostgreSQL are databases. React, Angular, and Vue are front-end frameworks.

Correct Answer: D. They expose resources through URLs, use HTTP methods (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE), and are stateless
Explanation: SOAP is an XML protocol with its own envelope format. REST is an architectural style. ALSO KNOW (related points): • Which of these are web server software? → Apache HTTP Server, Nginx, and Microsoft IIS • Which statement about React is correct? → It is a JavaScript library for building user interfaces, created by Meta (Facebook), that uses a virtual DOM • What does npm do? → It is the package manager for Node.js, used to install and manage JavaScript libraries • Which hosting type gives you dedicated virtual resources and root access at a moderate cost? → VPS (Virtual Private Server)

Correct Answer: C. PUT replaces the whole resource; PATCH applies a partial update
Explanation: PUT is idempotent. PATCH is not guaranteed to be idempotent. ALSO KNOW (related points): • What does AJAX allow a web page to do? → Exchange data with the server asynchronously and update parts of the page without a full reload • What is the main difference between a Single-Page Application (SPA) and a traditional multi-page site? → An SPA loads one HTML shell and updates content dynamically with JavaScript, instead of loading a new page from the server for each navigation • What is the difference between progressive enhancement and graceful degradation? → Progressive enhancement starts with a working basic version and adds features for capable browsers; graceful degradation starts full-featured and provides fallbacks for older browsers • To point a domain at a web server's IPv4 address, which DNS record do you create? → An A record

Correct Answer: B. Exchange data with the server asynchronously and update parts of the page without a full reload
Explanation: Modern code uses fetch() instead of XMLHttpRequest, and usually JSON instead of XML.

Correct Answer: C. It handles input, works with the Model, and selects the View to render
Explanation: The Model holds data and business logic. The View handles presentation.

Correct Answer: D. An SPA loads one HTML shell and updates content dynamically with JavaScript, instead of loading a new page from the server for each navigation
Explanation: SPAs need extra work for SEO and initial load time, for example through server-side rendering.

Correct Answer: C. It is a JavaScript library for building user interfaces, created by Meta (Facebook), that uses a virtual DOM
Explanation: Angular is the framework created by Google.

Correct Answer: B. A content management system (CMS) written in PHP, typically using MySQL or MariaDB
Explanation: WordPress powers a large share of all websites.