Fundamental Programming — Test 4

Correct Answer: A. Bundling data with the methods that operate on it and restricting direct access to the internal state
Explanation: Abstraction (the first distractor) is related but distinct. Encapsulation is about bundling and access control.

Correct Answer: B. SQL
Explanation: In SQL you state what result you want, not how to compute it. C, assembly, and VB6 are imperative.

Correct Answer: D. Event-driven programming
Explanation: VB forms use event handlers such as Button1_Click.

Correct Answer: A. Sequence, selection, iteration
Explanation: Any computable function can be expressed using only these three structures. goto is unnecessary. ALSO KNOW (related points): • Which language is primarily declarative? → SQL • In Visual Basic, code runs in response to user actions such as button clicks. Which paradigm is this? → Event-driven programming • What best describes Python's type system? → Dynamically and strongly typed

Correct Answer: B. Dynamically and strongly typed
Explanation: Types are checked at run time (dynamic), and Python does not silently coerce "5" + 5 (strong).

Correct Answer: B. 2
Explanation: The finally block always runs. A return inside finally overrides the earlier return. ALSO KNOW (related points): • In a C++ try block that can throw a Derived exception (where Derived inherits from Base), what is the correct order of catch blocks? → catch(Derived&) before catch(Base&), with catch(...) last • In C++, what happens when int a[5]; a[7] = 3; is executed? → Undefined behavior; there is no compile-time or runtime bounds check

Correct Answer: A. catch(Derived&) before catch(Base&), with catch(...) last
Explanation: Handlers are tried in order. A Base handler placed first would also catch Derived exceptions, leaving the Derived handler unreachable.

Correct Answer: A. KeyboardInterrupt
Explanation: KeyboardInterrupt and SystemExit inherit from BaseException, not Exception. ALSO KNOW (related points): • When does the else block of a Python try/except/else statement run? → Only when the try block raised no exception

Correct Answer: C. Only when the try block raised no exception
Explanation: else holds code that should run only after the try block succeeds.

Correct Answer: D. Undefined behavior; there is no compile-time or runtime bounds check
Explanation: Built-in arrays are not bounds-checked. std::vector::at() does check bounds and throws out_of_range.