HTML — Test 1

Correct Answer: D. <!DOCTYPE html>
Explanation: The short HTML5 form triggers standards mode in every browser. ALSO KNOW (related points): • Which of these elements is inline by default? → <span> • Which elements were removed from HTML5 as purely presentational? → <font> and <center>

Correct Answer: D. <strong> marks important content semantically; <b> is purely stylistic boldness
Explanation: Screen readers and other tools can use <strong> to convey importance. ALSO KNOW (related points): • <input type="email" required> validates input in the browser. Is server-side validation still needed? → Yes; client-side validation can be bypassed easily, so the server must always validate • What is the difference between <canvas> and <svg>? → <canvas> is a bitmap drawn with JavaScript (no DOM for its shapes); <svg> is vector graphics with each shape in the DOM • Which element is the most semantically appropriate for a self-contained piece of content such as a blog post or a weather bulletin? → <article>

Correct Answer: C. <span>
Explanation: Inline elements do not start on a new line, and width and height do not apply to them.

Correct Answer: C. GET appends the form data to the URL (visible and bookmarkable); POST sends it in the request body
Explanation: Neither method is encrypted without HTTPS. Never send passwords with GET. ALSO KNOW (related points): • How is a <label> correctly associated with an input? → With <label for="temp"> matching <input id="temp"> • Which statement about id and class attributes is correct? → An id must be unique in the document; a class can be shared by many elements • How should custom data be stored on an HTML element for use by JavaScript? → With data-* attributes, such as data-station-id="42", read through element.dataset.stationId

Correct Answer: D. Yes; client-side validation can be bypassed easily, so the server must always validate
Explanation: Client-side validation improves the user experience. Server-side validation provides the security.

Correct Answer: C. With <label for="temp"> matching <input id="temp">
Explanation: Wrapping the input inside the <label> element also works. Clicking the label then focuses the input.

Correct Answer: B. <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
Explanation: Without it, mobile browsers render the page at about 980px wide and shrink it down. ALSO KNOW (related points): • How is the less-than sign (<) written as an HTML entity? → &lt; • How is an HTML comment written? → <!-- comment -->

Correct Answer: A. An id must be unique in the document; a class can be shared by many elements
Explanation: Duplicate ids break getElementById and label associations.

Correct Answer: A. &lt;
Explanation: Other common entities are &gt;, &amp;, &quot;, and &nbsp; (a non-breaking space).

Correct Answer: D. <dl> (with <dt> and <dd>)
Explanation: <ol> creates an ordered (numbered) list, and <ul> an unordered (bulleted) list.